MODERN FEEDING ASPECTS OF DAIRY COWS

Abstract

Research on the study of differentiated feeding of cows was carried out in the conditions of OOO “Krasnoe Sormovo” of Krasnoarmeyskiy district of Chuvash Republic. For the experiment, one control and experimental groups of cows were formed, each containing 150 heads. The control animals remained on the farm ration. The cows of the experimental group were fed with differentiated diets according to their productivity and physiological state. The first experimental group consisted of cows with a daily milk yield of 25 kg and more, the second - from 18 to 25 kg, the third - below 18 kg. The diets of dry cows were also revised: we proposed dividing the drying-off period into two stages: far-off dry period (from 8 to 3 weeks before calving) and close up dry period (from 3 weeks before calving). The principal feature of feeding in the experimental groups was that the rations were balanced directly in terms of crude protein and energy. The share of basic or bulk feed was 50% in the structure of the ration. The amount of concentrated feed was calculated taking into account the eatability of the main feed. Maintaining of balanced feeding was achieved through constant monitoring of the diet for quality parametres of milk, body condition and feces consistency. The research focused on a comparative assessment of milk productivity of cows in the control and experimental groups. Analysis of productive parametres of the cows showed a significant increase of milk yield of experimental animals for 305 days by 472 kg, an increase of daily milk yield by 1.8 kg per head. The results obtained indicate that the application of differentiated feeding of cows is advisable, as it contributes to an increase of their milk productivity. Therefore, we recommend using this strategy in feeding of dairy cows.