The 2023 Southeast Türkiye Seismic Sequence: Rupture of a Complex Fault Network

Author:

Petersen Gesa Maria1ORCID,Büyükakpinar Pinar12ORCID,Vera Sanhueza Felipe Orlando13ORCID,Metz Malte12ORCID,Cesca Simone1ORCID,Akbayram Kenan45ORCID,Saul Joachim1ORCID,Dahm Torsten12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. 1Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany

2. 2University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany

3. 3Institute for Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

4. 4Centre for Energy, the Environment and Natural Disasters, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye

5. 5Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Civil Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye

Abstract

Abstract On 6 February 2023, southeastern Türkiye experienced two Mw 7.7 and 7.6 earthquakes. The earthquake sequence caused widespread damage and tens of thousands of casualties in Türkiye and Syria. We analyze mainshocks and aftershocks, combining complementary source characterization techniques, relying on local, regional, and teleseismic data. Backprojection analysis and finite source inversion for the mainshocks resolve coseismic slip, rupture length, and propagation mode along the main faults, whereas centroid moment tensor inversion for 221 aftershocks resolves details of the fault network. The first mainshock nucleated on a splay fault and activated the neighboring East Anatolian fault zone (EAFZ). It ruptured bilaterally along ∼500 km first toward northeast and later to south-southwest on multiple, previously partly dormant fault segments. The second mainshock ruptured the east–west-oriented Sürgü-Misis fault zone (SMFZ), reaching a slip of 7 m. The analysis of aftershocks with heterogeneous moment tensors retrospectively reconstructs rupture details. Along the main strand of the EAFZ, they map the geometry of different segments in unprecedented detail, whereas along the SMFZ they illuminate the geometry and behavior of large structures for the first time. Our work sheds light on multiple aspects of rupture evolution and provides new insights into the devastating earthquake sequence.

Publisher

Seismological Society of America (SSA)

Subject

General Chemical Engineering

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