A Case of NMOSD with Double Seropositive for AQP-4 and MOG Antibodies

Abstract

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are common causes of optic neuritis, typically involving anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies. It is scarce for both AQP4 and MOG antibodies to be simultaneously positive. Although NMOSD and MOGAD share clinical features, they differ in symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging findings and outcomes. Both conditions are treated with steroids and immunoglobulins but exhibit distinct responses. We report a case of NMOSD which was double seropositive for AQP-4 and MOG antibodies.