Affiliation:
1. School of Marxism, North University of China, People’s Republic of China
2. School of Philosophy, Renmin University of China, People’s Republic of China
Abstract
The above article has been retracted by agreement between the publisher of this journal, Scientific Journal Publishers Limited, the journal’s Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Robert A. C. Stewart, and Managing Editor, Alexandra Cheyne, and the submitting author, Longlong Zhao. Concerns were
raised by a reader about the reliability of the dataset, and after investigation and analysis of the item-level dataset by external reviewers and journal editors, discrepancies were revealed that cannot be explained by sampling errors or naturally occurring fluctuations. These anomalies in
the Zhao data suggest that both the data and resulting conclusions cannot be considered reliable. For this reason, retraction was agreed upon.
Publisher
Scientific Journal Publishers Ltd