Antibacterial Application of Copper Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Water Caltrop Pod.

Abstract

This study investigates the utilization of water caltrop pod, an abundant agricultural waste product, as a green extract for the optimized biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). To comprehensively characterize the water caltrop pod and the biosynthesized CuNPs by water caltrop pod a sophisticated techniques were employed, including  U.V-Vis spectrophotometry for probing their preliminary analysis of copper nanoparticles, FT-IR spectroscopy for elucidating the functional groups present in water caltrop pod, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for visualizing the morphology, Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) for elemental analysis while Energy-Dispersive X-ray (XRD) to determine crystalline structure of copper nanoparticles. Furthermore, the antibacterial application of these biogenic copper nanoparticles was explored. The antibacterial activity of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) was investigated against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria, revealing their efficacy in combating microbial growth employing a Well Diffusion method. Copper nanoparticles showed greater antibacterial treatment against Gram (+ve) bacteria i.e. Staphylococcus aureus as compared to Gram (-ve) bacteria i.e. Escherichia coli. This research paves the way for the sustainable production of bio-functional CuNPs from waste biomass, offering promising application in antibacterial therapies.