Abstract
The present study aims to correlate the sample-to-cutoff ratios (S/CO) distributions of reactive results for HTLV-1/2 antibodies with the detection of proviral DNA in a population of blood donor candidates. It was carried out a retrospective data search of 632 HTLV-1/2 reactive samples, submitted to confirmatory testing from January 2015 to December 2019. Serological screening was performed by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay Architect rHTLV-I/II, whereas confirmatory testing was performed by in-house real-time polymerase chain reaction method. 496 out of 632 samples (78%) had undetectable HTLV-1/2 proviral DNA and 136 (22%) had detectable proviral DNA. HTLV infection was not confirmed in any individual for whom the S/CO ratio value was <4, and proviral DNA detection rates gradually escalated as S/CO ratio values increased. The sensitivity and predictive positive value found for the Architect rHTLV-I/II was 100% and 22%, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the optimal S/CO ratio value for predicting the presence of HTLV-1/2 was 18.11. High S/CO ratios were more associated with the detection of proviral DNA. The S/CO ratio value <4 suggests excluding true HTLV infection and the risk of blood transmission.
Reference40 articles.
1. 1. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses – ICTV. Taxonomy history: primate T-lymphotropic virus 1; 2019. [Accessed on 2022 Mar 23]. Available from: https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/p/taxonomy-history?taxnode_id=201904999
2. 2. Lima VFS, Torres RM, Guerra FM, Carvalho TL, Magalhães PMR. Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2): literature review. Braz J Health Rev. 2021;4(5):20900-23. https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n5-193
3. 3. Poiesz BJ, Ruscetti FW, Gazdar AF, Bunn PA, Minna JD, Gallo RC. Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1980;77(12):7415-9. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.77.12.7415
4. 4. Forlani G, Shallak M, Accolla RS, Romanelli MG. HTLV-1 infection and pathogenesis: new insights from cellular and animal models. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(15):8001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158001
5. 5. Martinez MP, Al-Saleem J, Green PL. Comparative virology of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. Retrovirology. 2019;16(1):21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-019-0483-0