Kinesitherapy application features in patients after pectus excavatum repair

Abstract

Surgical treatment of “pectus excavatum” by Nuss technique is a safe procedure that is successfully used in young people. However, after surgery, these patients face complications that limit their ability to engage in physical labor or sports. Aim. Develop a rehabilitation program for patients who underwent surgical correction of pectus excavatum using Nuss technique. Material  and  methods. 85 patients with pectus excavatum deformity were examined and underwent minimally invasive correction according to Nuss technique. Results. In 82 (96,47 %) patients we managed to achieve the perfect cosmetic result. In 78 (91,76 %) patients we used one fixator, in 5 (5,88 %) – 2 fixators, and in 2 (2,35 %) patients – 3 fixators. Among the complications, 17 (20 %) patients had pneumothorax, 3 (3,53 %) – hemothorax followed by pleural puncture, pneumonia was diagnosed in 2 (2,35 %) patients, pleural effusion – in 2 (2,35 %), empyema – in 1 (1,18 %), sulfur – in 1 (1,18 %), deep infection – in 1 (1,18 %). One patient (1,18 %) underwent a second operation due to the dislocation of the fixator. Conclusions. In the postoperative period, it is recommended to avoid bending or rotating the body, limit participation in sports activities during the first 3 months after the operation. During the first 8 weeks, patients were recommended to perform breathing exercises with a small amplitude (for the prevention of respiratory complications), and 3 months after surgery – exercises to strengthen postural and abdominal muscles, to improve the amplitude of movements in the shoulder joints. The use of exercises helps to reduce the risk of post operative complications and improve the functional capabilities of patients with pectus excavatum in a shorter time.