A polyclonal antibody to the rat oestrogen receptor expressed in Escherichia coli: characterization and application to immunohistochemistry

Abstract

ABSTRACT A rat oestrogen receptor-β-galactosidase fusion protein was expressed using a pEX2/rat oestrogen receptor cDNA construct. Scatchard analysis of [3H]oestradiol-17β binding to the cell lysate revealed that the fusion protein had functional binding sites specific for oestradiol with a dissociation constant of 1·49 nmol/l. The relative molecular weight (Mr) of the fusion protein was determined as 180 000 by immunoblot analysis of the cell lysate employing a monoclonal antibody to the human oestrogen receptor. The protein was isolated by means of SDS-PAGE and subsequent electroblotting. By immunization with the purified materials on nitrocellulose membrane, a polyclonal antibody to the rat oestrogen receptor was raised in a rabbit. Binding of [3H]oestradiol to the oestrogen receptor from the rat uterus was inhibited by the antibody in a dose-dependent manner. The antibody was also able to recognize the oestrogen receptor occupied by [3H]oestradiol. Thus, the antibody could react with both forms of the receptor molecule, either occupied or unoccupied by the hormone. In immunoblot analysis of the cytosol fraction of the rat uterus, a single band of Mr 67 000, the size of the oestrogen receptor, was detected by the antibody. Moreover, when the antibody was applied to immunohistochemical examination of paraffin-embedded pituitary and brain sections of the rat, immunostaining was observed in cells of the anterior pituitary and in neurones in specific regions of the brain. The immunoreactivity was restricted exclusively to cell nuclei in both tissues. These results demonstrate that the polyclonal antibody obtained in the present study was specific to the oestrogen receptor, and that it would be a powerful tool to detect and analyse the receptors in various target tissues for oestrogen. Journal of Endocrinology (1992) 135, 333–341