Care and conservative treatment methods for infants with Pierre Robin sequence

Abstract

Introduction: Pierre Robin sequence is a congenital developmental disorder the aetiology of which is not fully understood. The prevalence of Pierre Robin sequence ranges from 1:8,500 to 1:20,000 live births, with mortality estimated between 3.6% and 21%. Anatomic malformations present in patients with Pierre Robin sequence cause airway obstruction and difficulties in oral feeding. Aim: The aim of this study was to summarise the current state of knowledge on conservative treatment methods and appropriate care for patients with Pierre Robin sequence. Materials and methods: We conducted a literature review on non-invasive treatment methods and appropriate care for patients with Pierre Robin sequence. Databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar were used. Relevant articles were identified using keywords. Results: Actions that support the functioning of newborns with Pierre Robin sequence include nasopharyngeal intubation, prone positioning, nasogastric tube feeding, and feeding-facilitating techniques. The first two methods enable airway clearance in the patient. Another challenge in children with Pierre Robin sequence is meeting their caloric needs. Nasogastric tube feeding and a hypercaloric diet may be necessary to fulfil those needs. Nutritive and non-nutritive sucking training also proves helpful. Conclusion: Although the treatment of children with Pierre Robin sequence is lengthy, their hospitalisation time can be reduced. Caregivers should accompany patients throughout the hospitalisation period to acquire knowledge and skills that ensure continuity of care after the infant’s discharge.