Corn hybrids for special purpose for livestock needs

Abstract

Carotenoids are one of the most common classes of plant pigments, which are used for the prevention of diseases in humans and animals and have wide prospects for use in clinical practice. The article describes the results of the selection of corn hybrids with an increased content of vitamins of the carotenoid complex. The content of carotenoids in the seeds of hybrids registered in Ukraine was determined, and the crtRB1 gene was identified, which is one of the key factors in the biosynthesis of carotenoids and is associated with their accumulation in the endosperm of corn. Three polymorphic regions of this gene were identified as carotenogenesis markers. According to the analysis, an allele favorable for the accumulation of β-carotene was found in DK253ЗСЗМ lines; DK 633/266zS, zM; DK 366zS, zM. The technology for obtaining silage-type corn hybrids has been developed using inter-subspecies crossings and obtaining siliceous-sugar and tooth-like-sugar forms, which, with all other positive indicators, increases the fat content in the silage mass by 0.7 %. For the introduction of silage corn to the north, highly cold-resistant samples with a reduced seeding rate of loose corn with tooth-shaped and flinty corn were involved in hybridization. The results of genetic and selection work in crop production create a powerful fodder base for the revival of animal husbandry and, on this basis, strengthen Ukraine's food security, which contributes to the health and longevity of the nation.