Author:
Chellapan Thilageswary,Mat Daud Norlaila,Narayanasamy Sumithira
Abstract
Introduction: The frequency and the trend of smartphone use increase rapidly, and 85% of Malaysians owns a smartphone and spend an average of 187 minutes per day to use the smartphone. Aims: To evaluate the potential effects of smartphone use on Accommodation and Vergence of the users. Methods: A total of 18 articles were selected in this review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, and the research question was formulated based on the population, intervention, control, and outcomes (PICO) method. This review was registered with PROSPERO (reference number: CRD42022293325). Data Sources: Databases namely PubMed, Web of Science, and Science-Direct were used in the article search using appropriate keywords, phrases, and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms. The inclusion criteria of this review were journal articles published from January 2010 until December 2021 with full articles or abstract in English available. Results: Accommodative function has been reported to changed significantly with 20 minutes of smartphone use, with reduced amplitude, facility, relative and increased lag. In addition, vergence function has been reported to be altered significantly with receded near point of convergence. Conclusion: Smartphone use has an effect on the accommodation and vergence parameters among adults. Assessments of accommodation and vergence parameters need to be conducted in patients with the symptoms of Computer Vision Syndrome to prevent vision problems. Future reviews are required in younger cohorts with various smartphone features.
Publisher
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Reference38 articles.
1. 1. Sarwar M, Soomro T. Impact of smartphone’s on society. European Journal of Scientific Research. 2013;98(2):216-226. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236669 025_Impact_of_Smartphone%27s_on_Society.
2. 2. Kwon K, Woo J, Park M, Kim S. The change of accommodative function by the direction of eye movements during computer game. Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society. 2012;17(2). doi: 10.KS/JAKO201217760873302
3. 3. Choi JH, Li Y, Kim SH, Jin R, Kim YH, Choi W, et al. The influences of smartphone use on the status of the tear film and ocular surface. PLoS One. 2018;13(10):e0206541. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0206541.
4. 4. Cha SS, Seo BK. Smartphone use and smartphone addiction in middle school students in korea: prevalence, social networking service, and game use. Health Psychology Open. 2018;5(1):1-15. doi:10.1177/2055102918755046.
5. 5. Narawi WS, Razak SA, Azman N. The effect of smartphone usage on accommodation status. Mal J Med Health Science. 2020;16(2):244-247. Available from: https://medic.upm.edu.my/upload/dokumen/2020 042010354734_MJMHS_0456.pdf