Effectiveness of Self Care Education on Knowledge and Behavior Among Android-based Hypertension Patients at Yogyakarta Health Center

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease that evolves worldwide. Hypertension prevalence increased by 7.61% over five years, from 26,5% in 2013 to 34,11% in 2018 in Indonesia. Then in Yogyakarta, the prevalence of hypertension is 8.8% higher than the national average. It has become the leading cause of non-communicable diseases. The problem has focused on the issue of hypertension management and has not been effective. According to various sources, hypertension self-care education via smartphone applications is one of the interventions used to improve self-care behaviour in hypertensive patients. Thus, it is important to study the effectiveness of these interventions on hypertensive patients. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of android-based hypertension self-care education on knowledge and behavior among hypertensive patients. Methods: A quantitative descriptive-analytic study was conducted. One hundred and eight hypertensive patients were selected in Yogyakarta randomly. The patients followed an android-based hypertension self-care education programme for three months. Results: Statistical analysis with paired and independent t-tests showed a significant difference in self-care knowledge and behavior before and after intervention in the intervention group (p=0.000 <0.05; p=0.000<0.05, respectively). There was a significant difference in self-care knowledge and behavior between the intervention group and the control group (p=0.000<0.05; p=0.003<0.05, respectively). Conclusion: A minimal, three-month android-based hypertension self-care education programme enhanced self-care knowledge and behavior among hypertensive patients. It was suggested that the nurses educate hypertensive patients about hypertensionself-care more intensively.