Chemical compositions, phytochemicals, and biological activity of dried edible wild fruits

Abstract

Edible wild fruits have recently attracted increased attention due to their nutritional compositions, phytochemicals, and biological properties that benefit to human health. In this study, eleven wild fruits were investigated after the drying process using tray drying. Carbohydrates are the major component of dried wild fruits ranging from 37.17% to 75.96%. The highest protein content was found in Polyalthia debilis (15.28%) whereas Ficus carica L. was high in fiber (33.26%). The highest total phenolic compounds were found in Irvingia malayana Oliv. (121.57 mg GAE/g), with highest TFC found in Terminalia chebula Retz. Phyllanthus emblica L., showed highest DPPH, ABTS and FRAP values. The most potent anticancer properties against MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells were shown by Terminalia chebula and Diospyros mollis, respectively. Highest - amylase and -glucosidase inhibitions were observed in the Canarium subulatum. Results suggested that dried edible wild fruits are a feasible source of nutrients, phytochemicals, with strong antioxidant and biological activities. These findings can be promoted and increased the utilization of wild fruits as a sustainable food source or food ingredient with applications in food formulations.