A novel BH3 ligand that selectively targets Mcl-1 reveals that apoptosis can proceed without Mcl-1 degradation

Author:

Lee Erinna F.1,Czabotar Peter E.1,van Delft Mark F.1,Michalak Ewa M.1,Boyle Michelle J.12,Willis Simon N.1,Puthalakath Hamsa1,Bouillet Philippe1,Colman Peter M.1,Huang David C.S.1,Fairlie W. Douglas1

Affiliation:

1. The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia

2. Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia

Abstract

Like Bcl-2, Mcl-1 is an important survival factor for many cancers, its expression contributing to chemoresistance and disease relapse. However, unlike other prosurvival Bcl-2–like proteins, Mcl-1 stability is acutely regulated. For example, the Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3)–only protein Noxa, which preferentially binds to Mcl-1, also targets it for proteasomal degradation. In this paper, we describe the discovery and characterization of a novel BH3-like ligand derived from Bim, BimS2A, which is highly selective for Mcl-1. Unlike Noxa, BimS2A is unable to trigger Mcl-1 degradation, yet, like Noxa, BimS2A promotes cell killing only when Bcl-xL is absent or neutralized. Furthermore, killing by endogenous Bim is not associated with Mcl-1 degradation. Thus, functional inactivation of Mcl-1 does not always require its elimination. Rather, it can be efficiently antagonized by a BH3-like ligand tightly engaging its binding groove, which is confirmed here with a structural study. Our data have important implications for the discovery of compounds that might kill cells whose survival depends on Mcl-1.

Publisher

Rockefeller University Press

Subject

Cell Biology

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