1. Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Shipping and Transportation Management, National Taiwan Ocean Univ., Keelung, TW, e-mail: k1037@ms31.hinet.net
2. Assistant Professor, Department of Marketing and Supply Chain Management, Overseas Chinese Univ., Taichung, TW, e-mail: shuchen@ocu.edu.tw
3. Professor, Department of Shipping and Transportation Management, National Taiwan Ocean Univ., Keelung, TW, (Corresponding author), e-mail: gsliang@mail.ntou.edu.tw
4. Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Shipping and Transportation Management, National Taiwan Ocean Univ., Keelung, TW, e-mail: japda2002@gmail.com