1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, 9105 116 St., Edmonton, Alberta T6H 2W2, Canada
2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 7-370 Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering, 9211 116 St., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 7-255 Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering, 9211 116 St., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada (Corresponding author), e-mail: hashemia@ualberta.ca, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-029X