1. The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 1138656, Japan (Corresponding author), email: kawabata@fract.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2767-1579
2. Kobe Steel, Ltd., Ikeda 2222-1, Kakogawa, Hyogo 6750023, Japan, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0310-9223
3. The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 1138656, Japan