1. Civil Engineering Department, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0854-3267 (P.N.)
2. Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, Federal Highway Administration, 6300 Georgetown Pike, McLean, VA 22101, USA, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-1486
3. Civil Engineering Department, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA (Corresponding author), e-mail: yf338@drexel.edu