1. Department of Urology, Tottori Municipal Hospital, Tottori, Tottori 680‑0873, Japan
2. Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama, Okayama 700‑8558, Japan
3. Department of Urology, Kochi Health Sciences Center, Kochi, Kochi 781‑8555, Japan
4. Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA