1. The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
2. Department of Pancreas Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
3. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
4. School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
5. Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China