Energy and Exergy Analysis in a Centrifugal Pump Driven by a Diesel Engine Using Soybean Biodiesel and Mixtures with Diesel

Abstract

Soybean biodiesel and mixtures with diesel are used as fuel in a diesel engine that drives a centrifugal pump. The consumption useful work rate, the reversible work rate and the efficiency of the second law of thermodynamics were calculated using an energetic and exergetic analysis. The soybean biodiesel was produced using ethanol in the proportion of 33% v/v and the catalyst NaOH (1%), obtaining a yield of 90,63%. The fuels used were diesel (B0); 25% soybean biodiesel and 75% diesel (B25); 50% soybean biodiesel and 50% diesel (B50); 75% soybean biodiesel and 25% diesel (B75) and soybean biodiesel (B100). The properties density and kinematic viscosity were within the established limits of the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels.  A value of 39017 kJ.kg-1 was obtained, for the higher heating value of the soybean biodiesel (B100). It was obtained 32,05% of maximum efficiency of the second law, in the case of soybean biodiesel, at maximum pump speed and at 9,2 m3/h. For the B50 fuel, it was obtained 29,78% of maximum efficiency of the second law when the centrifugal pump operated at 2733 rpm and at a maximum flow rate.