The influence of obesity on the parameters of the kallikrein-kinin system and proteolysis in chronic biliary pancreatitis

Abstract

Background. Clinical practice and science have accumulated data that obese patients suffer from severe forms of acute and chronic pancreatitis, which is explained by the accumulation of fat around the pancreas, a decreased activity of pancreatic enzymes. The purpose of the study is to describe the features of the kallikrein-kinin system and proteolysis in chronic biliary pancreatitis (CBP), depending on the presence of comorbid obesity. Materials and methods. One hundred and thirty-seven patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis were examined and divided into two groups depending on the presence of comorbid obesity: group I consisted of 22 patients with CBP and group II — of 115 patients with CBP and obesity. Results. The obtained results proved that an increase in body weight of patients with CBP lead to a more severe kallikrein-kinin system imbalance, with enhanced activation of inflammation and a decrease in the protective effect of the proteolysis. An increase in the degree of obesity in patients with CBP was accompanied by a more severe kallikrein-kinin system and proteolytic imbalance with an increase in the proteolytic enzymes level that have a damaging effect on the hepatic and pancreatic tissues and have a pro-inflammatory activity, as well as by a decrease in the content of the proteolytic enzyme inhibitors, which reliably weakened the protective effect of kallikrein-kinin system and proteolysis. Conclusions. 1) It was proved that there is a higher activity of the kallikrein-kinin system (accor­ding to proteolytic activation and kallikrein levels) and a decrease in the activity of proteolytic enzyme inhibitors (α2-macroglobulin and kininase II) in patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis and comorbid obesity compared to those without obesity (p < 0.05). 2) An increase in the degree of obesity lead to an increase of proteolytic activity and a decrease in the content of the proteolytic enzyme inhibitors in patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis. It was proved the aggravating effect of obesity on the kallikrein-kinin system and proteolytic imbalance, which must be taken into account while forming a comprehensive treatment of such patients.