Formation of professional competence in anesthesiology interns (sociological research data)

Abstract

Background. A sociological study has been conducted among anesthesiology interns of the second year of study whose results make it possible to interpret the formation of a body of knowledge, abilities and skills in them, which are gained in the process of training on the specialty “Anesthesiology and intensive care”. Among the tasks in postgraduate medical education, those stand out that involve the training of competent specialists capable of quickly solving practical tasks in health care with the introduction of innovative technologies. The aim of the study: to establish trends in the formation of professional competence among anesthesiology interns through their sociological survey. Materials and methods. At the end of 2022, a sociological survey was conducted among anesthesiology interns (a total of 63 doctors of both sexes, average age was 24.2 years). Results. When choosing the future profession of an anesthesiologist, 49.20 % of respondents indicated that it was their own choice; 23.80 % of interns noted the influence of parents on the choice of future specialty, 15.87 % indicated their friends or acquaintances or other factors. The interns noted the presence of personal experience of working in health care institutions — 88.88 % answered positively (at the same time, 14.28 % of respondents mentioned previous experience of working in an intensive care unit as a nurse) and 11.12 % denied such experience. Most respondents said what attracts them to anesthesiology as a specialty: the possibility of obtaining a quick positive result of their activity — 85.71 % and the satisfaction of saving a human life — 57.14 %. A significant part of the interviewees noted such a factor as prestige (38.09 %) and a small number of interns noted “other” (6.34 %). Among the subjects and disciplines during training at a higher educational institution, the most important for anesthesiologists, according to the interns, are physiology and pathophysio­logy — 93.65 %, pharmacology — 80.95 %, normal or pathological anatomy — 46.03 %, physics — 28.57 %, chemistry — 25.39 %; 1.58 % of the respondents answered that all subjects are important at the same time or clinical pharmacology. When choosing a future specialty, interns chose from such medical specialties as surgery (39.6 %), neurology (9.52 %), emergency medicine (19.04 %), and others. Among the directions in anesthesiology, interns consider obstetric anesthesiology (47.62 % of respondents), cardiac anesthesiology (66.66 %), neuroanesthesiology (53.96 %), trauma anesthesia (68.25 %), pediatric anesthesiology (46.03 %), anesthesia in abdominal surgery (46.03 %), intensive care (3.17 %), and 4.76 % of respondents answered that all directions in anesthesiology are important. Intern doctors noted the following necessary personality traits and human values for successful work as an anesthesiologist: determination (74.60 %), leadership qualities (44.44 %), excellent health (33.33 %), the ability to quickly make the right decisions (90.47 %), other (11.11 %). The interns indicated which directions in anesthesiology they would like to thoroughly study during the face-to-face training at the department, namely: cardiopulmonary resuscitation (92.06 % of respondents), intensive care in emergency situations (85.71 %), ultrasound diagnosis in anesthesiology (71.42 %), acute poisonings (68.25 %), prevention and treatment of pain syndromes (80.95 %), features of providing assistance to the victims (39.68 %) and others: emergency medical care and mana­gement of patients with combat trauma in the intensive care unit (4.76 %), features of anesthesia in various pathological conditions, regional anesthesia, pharmacotherapy of emergencies, intensive care for acute pathologies (1.58 % of respondents). Conclusions. The conducted sociological research among anesthesiology interns of the second year of study allowed to detect the following trends in the formation of professional competence of anesthesiology interns: a significant amount of information and high professional requirements for anesthesiologists imply constant improvement of their knowledge and skills that is impossible without a sufficiently high level of motivation. The presence of previous work experien­ce of intern doctors in health care institutions emphasizes the meaning­fulness of the choice of future specialty, social and professional understanding of the essence of practical medicine, ensures communication skills with colleagues. Among the subjects and disciplines taught in higher education institutions, in the opinion of anesthesiology interns, the most important are: physiology and pathophysiology, pharmacology, normal or pathological anatomy, physics and chemistry. When choosing the future specialty “Anesthesiology and intensive care”, interns most often chose from such medical specialties as surgery, neurology, and emergency medicine. For successful work as an anesthesiologist, according to anesthesiology interns, the most relevant are: determination, leadership qualities, excellent health, the ability to quickly make the right decisions, etc. Among the directions in anesthesiology, interns of the second year of study expressed their desire to thoroughly study: cardiopulmonary resuscitation, intensive care in emergency situations, ultrasound diagnosis in anesthesiology, acute poisonings, prevention and treatment of pain syndromes, features of providing assistance to the victims, and others.