Effect of different phytohormones on in vitro multiplication of Solanum tuberosum L. var. Cecilia

Abstract

Phytohormones are widely used in Solanum tuberosum plants to accelerate the in vitro multiplication process. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of phytohormones: auxins (IAA, IBA, NAA), cytokinins (6-BAP, TDZ, Zeatin), and gibberellins (GA3) on the morphological characteristics of Solanum tuberosum L. var. Cecilia. In vitro established plants were used, and the in vitro multiplication was performed using nodal segments cultured in MS medium supplemented with 20 g.L⁻¹ sucrose, 7 g.L⁻¹ agar, and phytohormones. The plants were maintained under total fluorescent white light conditions. The number of nodes, number of leaves, plant height, and number of shoots were evaluated. At 21 days, the use of IBA (0.05 mg. L⁻¹ and 0.25 mg. L⁻¹) increased the number of nodes and the number of leaves. Meanwhile, Zeatin concentrations of 0.05 mg. L⁻¹ and 0.1 mg. L⁻¹ increased the number of leaves, plant height, and number of shoots. Additionally, the concentration of 0.15 mg. L⁻¹ increased the plant height compared to GA3, and the concentration of 0.15 mg. L⁻¹ increased the number of nodes in S. tuberosum var. Cecilia plants. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that IBA, Zeatin, and GA3 promoted the in vitro multiplication of S. tuberosum var. Cecilia plants. Keywords: buds, growth regulators, potato, tissue culture.