1. National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom;
2. Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom;
3. Department of Medicine and
4. Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
5. Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and
6. Respiratory Medicine, The University of Hong Kong–Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China