Ways to reduce the impact of the external environment in summer on the milk productivity of cows

Abstract

One of the factors of efficient intensive milk production is the creation of comfortable conditions for keeping cows on a farm or complex. Highly productive cows are quite demanding of the indoor microclimate and conditions of keeping. It is believed that the productivity of animals by 10-30% depends on this. The purpose of the study was to examine the possibility of reducing the influence of high ambient temperature on the milk productivity of cows by different approaches to the organisation of their feeding technology. The paper uses analytical, diagnostic, physicochemical, and statistical research methods. The main climate indicators were monitored during the summer period (June-August). It is established that the decrease in daily milk yield is a consequence of the negative influence of the temperature factor when the daily (from 1100 to 1700) air temperature in June-July is at the level of +26-30°C. At an air temperature of 26.5°C (about 1400), the body temperature of cows rises from 37.5-37.8°C to 38.20-38.46°C. The proof of this is a decrease in the rate of decline in the level of milk productivity of cows of the experimental groups in August when the average daily air temperature dropped to +24-26°C. It is proved that the introduction of 1.5 kg of protein feed additive with protected TEP-mix protein into the diet of highly productive cows increases the productivity of experimental cows (in terms of basic milk) by 15.7% (4.3 kg). Modernisation of the diet of feeding highly productive cows by increasing the content of non-broken down protein in the rumen to normal during temperature stress contributed to better adaptation of animals in terms of productivity and quality indicators of milk: an increase in the mass fraction of fat by 0.67% and the mass fraction of protein by 0.26%, with the content of somatic cells of 285.06±81.0–409.3±134.3 thousand/cm3