A Review on the Occurrence, Exposure, and Health Impacts of Bisphenol A

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the emerging contaminants associated with deleterious health effects on both public and wildlife and is extensively incorporated into different industrial products. BPA is ubiquitously and frequently detected in the environment and has become a serious health issue due to its presence in food organisms and drinking water. The distribution of BPA has recently become an important issue worldwide, but investigations on the toxicity of BPA remain limited. A review of the literature reveals that BPA has a widespread presence in environmental media, such as indoor dust, surface water, sediments, and sewage sludge. In the present review, an overview of the research studies dealing with the occurrence, fate, exposure, and toxicity of BPA is discussed. Recent studies have raised worry over the potentially harmful implications of BPA exposure in humans and wildlife. However, further investigation on the potential risks of BPA to humans and its mechanisms of toxicity should be conducted to better understand and control the risks of such novel chemicals.