Role of different fermentation methods in the enhancement of bioethanol production – a review

Abstract

Waste management and manufacture of hygienic affordable energy are two main challenges that our societies face. With the aims of protecting the environment and reducing dependence on petroleum and other conventional energy sources, the development of renewable energy sources has become increasingly important. Ethanol can be produced chemically from petroleum and from biomass or sugar substrates by fermentation. Food waste (FW) can be used as a feedstock to produce ethanol as it is rich in cellulose, hemicelluloses, and starch. However, the price of the essential enzymes used to convert FW to ethanol remains a complication. The on-site production of the necessary enzymes could be a possible solution. The yield of bioethanol depends on the nature of biomass and the fermentation method used. The yield can be improved by slight modifications in fermentation methods. This present study involves the discussion of conversion of organic wastes into bio-ethanol using different fermentation methods. Also, includes the comparative study between organic wastes and fermentation method.