Description of Acute Toxicity of Zuriat Fruit Seed Extract (<i>Hyphaene thebaica</i> (L.) Mart.) in Mice

Abstract

This study aims to determine the acute toxicity of administering Zuriat seed extract. This study used 20 male mice, divided randomly into 4 groups, namely the group given Zuriat seed extract at a dose of 0.252 mg/20 g body weight; 2.52 mg/20 g body weight; 25.2 mg/20 g body weight; and 252 mg/20 g body weight. After being given a single dose, observations were carried out for 24 hours to see the number of deaths and toxic symptoms, and further observations were carried out for 7 consecutive days on mice that were still alive. Then the relative weights of mice’s stomach, lungs, heart, liver, and kidneys were calculated and the LD50 dose categories were analysed. The results of the study showed that within 24 hours, death occurred in the 2.52 mg/20 g body weight group of 3 mice; 25.2 mg/20 g body weight for 4 mice; and a dose of 252 mg/20 g body weight for 5 mice. Before they died, the mice experienced toxic symptoms. Follow-up observations for 7 days showed no toxic symptoms in each group. In measuring the relative weight of organs, it was found that the dose of Zuriat seed extract did not affect the relative weight of the organs of the stomach, lungs, heart, liver, and kidneys of mice. The LD50 value category for Zuriat seed extract is moderately toxic. It concluded that administration of Zuriat seed extract at a dose of more than 0.252 mg/20 g body weight is moderately toxic to the animals.