Dynamics of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in cows with various clinical states during gestation

Abstract

Relevance. It is known that among cows there is a wide spread of anemia and pathologies accompanied by chronic inflammation. Anemia, like chronic inflammation, leads to disorders that contribute to metabolic changes during pregnancy in cows and have their own characteristics.The aim of the work is to study the effect of pregnancy on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of cows with anemia syndrome and chronic systemic inflammation.Methods. In the conditions of the livestock complex, studies were conducted on cows (n = 30) of a red-mottled breed with a pregnancy period of 150–160 days. Based on clinical and laboratory examination, the animals were divided into three groups: 1st (n = 15) — healthy, 2nd (n = 8) — with hypochromic microcytic anemia, 3rd (n = 7) — with low-intensity chronic systemic inflammation syndrome. Blood sampling was performed on the 150–160th, 210–220th and 260–265th days of pregnancy to determine the level of total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, lactic and pyruvic acid.Results. The levels of total lipids and glucose have a significant (р ˂ 0.05) inverse and the level of pyruvic acid has a significant direct correlation of noticeable and high strength according to the Chaddock scale with an increase in the duration of gestation in all studied groups. The presence of anemia or chronic systemic inflammation syndrome of low intensity in the transient period creates risks of metabolic failures, which are manifested by a decrease in the intensity of triglyceride deposition by 31.0–34.5% (р ˂ 0.05) and the appearance of a tendency to a negative energy balance.