The influence of inert fats on the processes of digestion and intensity of milking of highly productive cows

Abstract

Relevance. It is known that highly productive cows in the first third of lactation experience an increased need for energy. One of the effective ways to increase the energy saturation of diets is the use of protected fats in their feeding.Methods. The effect of hydrogenated and fractionated fats (GC «EFKO», Russia) on the processes of rumen metabolism, the digestibility of dietary nutrients and the intensity of milking of highly productive cows, when used in the period from 21 to 120 days of lactation, was studied in an experiment conducted in an experimental farm «Klenovo-Chegodaevo» (Moscow) on three groups of dairy cows of the holsteinized black-and-white breed with a milk yield of 7000 kg of milk for the previous lactation, 10 animals each.Results. In physiological studies, it was found that the feeding of protected fats did not have a negative effect on the processes of rumen metabolism and had a positive effect on the trend of better digestion of dietary nutrients by animals of I and II experimental groups compared to the control, with an increase in the digestibility of crude fat by 2.7–3.1 abs. % (p < 0.05). Accounting for milk productivity showed that the inclusion of inert fats in the diets of cows of the experimental groups in the amount of 300 g/head/day, in order to increase the concentration of metabolic energy from 10.7 to 11.0 MJ per 1 kg of dry matter, contributed to an increase in milk yield 4% fat content for 120 days of lactation by 8.1–9.4% (p < 0.05), compared with the control, feed costs, expressed in ME, decreased by 5.3%. At the same time, in the milk of cows fed fractionated fat, an increase in the mass fraction of palmitic acid by 2.29 abs. % (p < 0.05), compared with the control. In general, for 305 days of lactation, the gross milk yield of 4% fat in cows of the experimental groups exceeded the control by 6.2–7.3% (p ≥ 0.05), with a decrease in feed costs (ME) by 4.8%.