The effect of mung bean seedlings juice (<i>Vigna radiata (L.</i>) Wilczek.) on growth processes and protection against phytopathogens of spring wheat (<I>Triticum aestivum L.</I>) at early stages of organogenesis

Abstract

Relevance. Mung bean is a new culture of versatile use for the Middle Volga region; it has a complex of valuable economic and biological properties. When studying seeds, seedlings and mung bean plants as raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry, it was revealed that this culture also has a biocidal effect on phytopathogens. The purpose of our research is to study the biological activity of the juice from the sprouts of mung bean on the seedlings of spring soft wheat for the subsequent creation of theoretical foundations for the development and use of mung bean as a growth stimulant and protection of wheat seedlings from phytopathogenic organisms.Methods. To obtain juice, three-day seedlings of mung bean of the Saltan variety were taken. Three varieties of spring soft wheat created at the Volga Research Institute of Breeding and Seed Production named after P.N. Konstantinov were used in the experiments — Kinelskaya 2020, Kinelskaya jubilee, Kinelskaya Zvezda.Results. The effect of juice from green and etiolated mung bean seedlings on phytopathogens and the growth of spring wheat seeds in the early stages of organogenesis was studied. It was found that the juice of green seedlings has a pronounced biocidal and stimulating activity. Thus, in the tested variants, the formation of primary roots exceeded the control by 15–26%, the length of primary roots exceeded the control by 248– 297% and the length of sprouts — by 337–403%. There were no signs of damage in all tested variants. In the juice of etiolated seedlings, such activity is less pronounced. Only at a concentration of cell juice of 1% in the studied wheat varieties, an excess over the control was observed: the formation of primary roots — by106–112%, the length of primary roots — by109–127% and the length of sprouts 108–125%. In other versions of this experiment, the results were ambiguous. The defeat of phytopathogens manifested itself, but the number of affected wheat seeds decreased as the concentration of cell juice solutions increased.