Affiliation:
1. Tatar Research Institute of Agrochemistry and Soil Science – a separate structural subdivision of the Federal Research Center of Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Abstract
Relevance. The choice of forms and types of preparations for presowing seed treatment, as well as growth regulators is important for the development and level of crop yields. Therefore, the search and application of effective and safe means for seed treatment is an urgent task. Methods. The vegetation experiment was laid in 2018–2020 on oats and barley in 5 kg Wagner vessels. Seeds of cultures before sowing were soaked in suspensions of sapropel and biohumus in the usual form and ultrafine form, obtained by ultrasound dispersion in deionized water. Harvest accounting – in the phase of full ripeness of crops from all plants in the vessel. Qualitative analysis of plant samples was carried out on devices in accordance with the established state standards. Results. In the experiment with oats, the maximum significant increase in grain was obtained in the variant with seed treatment with an ultrafine form of biohumus – 17.8% compared to the background, in the variant with ultrafine sapropel – 9.6 %. In the 2019 experiment with barley, the yield increased by 12.0 (treatment with sapropel) and 11.5 % (treatment with biohumus) compared to the background, when using ultrafine forms – by 34.8 % and 29.8 % respectively. In 2020, the yield increase when using usual form was 15 and 21.0 %, ultrafine form – 21.3 and 28.0 % respectively. The content of ash, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in oat grain increased by 7.2; 4.8; 20.5 and 14.3 % respectively, reaching a maximum with the usage of ultrafine form. In the 2019 experiment with barley, the ash content increased by 16.1 %, nitrogen – by 27.7 %, protein – by 16.4–18.3 %, phosphorus and potassium – by 12.6 and 28.3 % respectively. In 2020, the ash content was the highest among all variants and increased by 11.3 %, phosphorus – by 13.6 %, and nitrogen – by 1.75–1.95 %. The protein content in the grain was 10.3–10.7 %, potassium – up to 7 %.
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