Analysis of the supply of tractors in the agricultural sector of the Kaluga region economy

Abstract

Relevance. The machine and tractor fleet of the region›s farms is designed to ensure that all mechanized work is performed with high quality and within a reasonable time frame with the lowest possible operating costs, with a high annual operating time for each tractor and uniform employment of machine operators during field work. If the number of machine and tractor fleets is insufficient, the agrotechnical deadlines for completing field work are violated and, accordingly, the yield of agricultural crops decreases while the quality of products decreases. Methods. The research was carried out in accordance with the methods of A.Y. Izmailov, V.P. Elizarov, N.M. Antyshev, Ya.P. Lobachevsky, V.G. Shevtsov, V.M. Beilis, E.V. Zhalnin, etc. Results. During the calculations carried out, it was found that in the agricultural sector of the Kaluga region there was a shortage of wheeled tractors (959 units) and tracked tractors (303 units). The actual availability of tractors per 1000 hectares of arable land is 7.36 fl units, which is 27.2% lower than the standard indicator (10.1 fl units). The availability of tractors in these units is 72.8%. The energy supply (hp) per 1000 hectares of arable land is 952.9 hp, or 78.6% of the norm (1,212 hp). 63.4% of the available tractors are beyond the depreciation period, their average age is 2 times higher than the depreciation period and is 17 years.