Forecast distribution of technologies for processing pig and poultry manure in the Russian Federation to take measures for GHG reduction

Abstract

Relevance. Greenhouse gas emissions have been one of the most important problems in recent years. Their main source in the agricultural sector of the Russian Federation is the processing of animal by-products. In 2021, emissions amounted to 121,285 thousand tons of CO2-eq. The purpose of the study is to establish how the technologies for processing pig manure and chicken manure are distributed in various natural and climatic conditions of the Russian Federation. Methods. The data of surveys of pig and poultry breeding complexes were analyzed, reflecting the amount of manure (manure) formed, broken down by humidity and storage volumes in storages; types of manure collection and storage systems; the ratio of their use in federal districts combined into three zones, taking into account natural and climatic characteristics. Based on the results of the analysis, the basic (according to the data of 2021) and forecast (for 2025) distribution of technologies for processing pig manure and chicken manure were obtained. Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from processing systems were calculated for zone 3, where there were significant differences between the baseline and forecast distributions of technologies. Direct emissions of nitrous oxide and methane in terms of CO2 equivalent in the regions of this zone, according to the National Cadastre, amount to 752.4 thousand tons per year; when calculated based on updated data on the basic distribution of technologies (2021) — 1038 thousand tons per year; when calculated on the basis of updated data on the projected distribution of technologies (2025) — 1110 thousand tons per year. Results. The results of the study showed the need to review the practice of using manure (manure) processing technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.