Current state and economic efficiency of ameliorative farming in the Republic of Tatarstan under conditions of climate aridity growth

Abstract

The review article is devoted to the analysis and assessment of the impact of climate change on the efficiency of  agricultural  commodity  production  in  the  Republic  of  Tatarstan  and  ameliorative  measures  to  overcome  its  negative  impact  on  the  performance  of  the  agrarian  sphere.  Studies  of  agrometeorological  data  for   1900–2021 testify to the impending growth of climate aridity in the region. The analysis of modern conditions of  meliorative  industry  development  and  its  economic  efficiency  has  shown  that  1.5%  of  arable  land  area under  irrigation  allows  to  produce  up  to  18%  of  crop  production  in  the  republic,  which  certainly  indicates  a high degree of its efficiency. It has been established that the natural-climatic potential of the republic allows to bring the scale of irrigation reclamation up to four hundred thousand hectares, and to guarantee the need of  the  Republic  of  Tatarstan  in  foodstuffs  of  own  production  it  is  necessary  to  bring  the  volume  of  irrigated lands  up  to  150  thousand  hectares,  which  allows  to  speak  about  the  high  export  potential  of  the  republic. High  efficiency  of  land  reclamation  measures  and  existing  measures  of  state  support  unfortunately  do  not provide its implementation in production activity of agrarian business entities due to the need for preliminary overly  bureaucratized  survey  works,  approvals  for  obtaining  design  and  estimate  documentation  (DED).  The scientific and substantiated measures of land reclamation industry development are proposed, contributing to the preservation and restoration of soil fertility, water resources, reducing the loss of agricultural land area,   a multiple increase in the economic efficiency of agricultural production.