Stability and ecological plasticity of winter grain crops in the Republic of Bashkortostan

Abstract

Relevance. Determination of the parameters of stability and ecological plasticity of winter grain crops allows us to assess their adaptability and objectively characterize the practical value.Methods. The ecological plasticity and stability of winter grain crops (winter rye Secale cereale L., winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. and winter triticale Triticosecale) were assessed by grain yield. For the study, statistical data on yields in 2012–2021 in 54 municipal districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan were used. Yield stability was assessed by calculating the coefficient of variation (Cv) and mean square deviation of yield σd2), ecological plasticity — by calculating the yield regression coefficient (bi).Results. Winter grain crops on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan have different stability and ecological plasticity. Winter rye has relatively high stability (Cv 34.03% and σd2 4.28) and lower ecological plasticity (bi 0.77), low stability (Cv 42.35% and σd2 8.11) and high plasticity (bi 1.24) — winter wheat. Winter triticale occupies an intermediate position between winter rye and winter wheat. Identical reaction of winter grain crops to changes in soil and climatic conditions (place of cultivation) and agrometeorological conditions (year of cultivation). Winter wheat responds more negatively to deteriorating conditions and positively to improvements in soil-climatic (bi 1.17) and agrometeorological conditions (bi 1.21) than winter rye (0.78 and 0.79, respectively) and winter triticale (1.05 and 1.00, respectively).