Characterizations That Help Explain Particle and Cosmic Data

Abstract

This paper suggests explanations for otherwise seemingly unexplained data about elementary particles and cosmology. The explanations have bases in coordinate-based modeling and in integer-based characterizations for some catalogs. One catalog features properties - including charge, mass, and spin - of objects. Another catalog features all known and some possible elementary particles. Assumptions include that multipole-expansion mathematics have uses regarding long-range interactions - such as gravity - and that nature includes six isomers of all elementary particles other than long-range-interaction bosons. One isomer associates with ordinary matter. Five isomers associate with dark matter. Multipole notions help explain large-scale aspects such as the rate of expansion of the universe.