Abstract
Cancer, a pervasive health challenge globally, prompts aggressive treatment measures, with chemotherapy as a primary approach targeting uncontrolled cell growth. While effective against tumors, chemotherapeutic agents, especially alkylating agents, antimetabolites, and other classes, introduce collateral damage to healthy tissues, notably the kidneys. This article explores the intricate impact of chemotherapy on renal proteins and enzymes, particularly the Klotho protein, a key player in aging and longevity. Alkylating agents induce renal toxicity through oxidative stress, affecting Klotho synthesis and antioxidant defenses. Antimetabolites disrupt DNA synthesis, potentially impairing renal function. Antitumor antibiotics, topoisomerase inhibitors, mitotic inhibitors, and hormone therapies each contribute to nephrotoxicity. As Klotho deficiency emerges as a critical factor in the shortened lifespan of cancer patients, the potential role of GLP-1 agonists like Ozempic in stimulating Klotho production is discussed. This dual-action approach could mitigate chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity, offering a novel strategy for enhancing the well-being and lifespan of cancer patients.