Quantum Mechanical and Classic Measurement Result Quantities are Equal (Even though their Numerical Values are Not)

Author:

Krechmer KenORCID

Abstract

A classic (i.e., physical) measurement result is a quantity (e.g., 6.9 seconds, 13 metres, 0.17 grams, etc.). A quantity is the product of two terms: a numerical value and a unit. The unit when calibrated to a standard has a +/- precision. In quantum mechanics (QM) a wave function produces a distribution of eigenvalues of unity eigenvectors. Each product of one eigenvalue of eigenvectors also represents one measurement result quantity. In a QM measurement process this distribution of quantities appears to collapse into one classic measurement result quantity (one numerical value and a unit). In classic measurement result quantities, (without noise or distortion) the numerical value of an observable appears fixed over repetitive measurements and the units have a precision relative to a standard. However in a QM measurement result quantity, the eigenvalues have Heisenberg's uncertainty and the eigenvectors are unity. This paper formally develops and verifies that both the QM and classic measurement result quantities are equal products and the classic unit precision is equal to the QM eigenvalue uncertainty. 

Publisher

Qeios Ltd

Reference25 articles.

1. BIPM, an intergovernmental organization which acts on matters related to measurement science and measurement standards, responsible for the SI base units, https://www.bipm.org/en/measurement-units/si-base-units, 03 December 2022.

2. International Vocabulary of Metrology (VIM), third ed., BIPM JCGM 200:2012, quantity 1.1. 03 December 2022.

3. L. Euler, Elements of Algebra, Chapter I, Article I, #3. Third ed., Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Co., London England, 1822. “Now, we cannot measure or determine any quantity, except by considering some other quantity of the same kind as known, and pointing out their mutual relation.”

4. A. Einstein, B. Podolsky, N. Rosen, Can quantum-mechanical description of physical reality be considered complete?, Physical Review, Vol 47, May 15, 1935. This paper is often referred to as the EPR paper.

5. J. de Boer, On the History of Quantity Calculus and the International System, Metrologia, Vol 31, page 405, 1995.

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