The Global Impact on Health of Dental Infections and Antibiotic Resistance:A mini Reveiw

Abstract

Dental abscesses are a common infectious process that medical professionals are aware of. The aggressiveness of the bacteria, host resistance mechanisms, and local anatomy all influence how the infection turns out. A dental abscess that spreads can have serious implications that result in a high rate of morbidity and death. Acute dental abscesses are composed of a variety of microorganisms, including facultative anaerobes like _Streptococcus anginosus_ group and _viridans_ group _streptococci_, as well as stringent anaerobes such anaerobic _cocci_, _Prevotella_, and _Fusobacterium_ species. Antibiotics are commonly prescribed to treat dental infections. The benefits of antibiotics are that they can help resolve symptoms quickly, reduce pain, and prevent systemic infections. However, antibiotics can also have negative impacts on health, such as promoting antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance refers to the phenomenon where bacteria evolve to become immune to antibiotics, making them harder to treat. Bacteria can develop resistance through mutations or by acquiring resistance genes from other bacteria. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics are one of the primary causes of antibiotic resistance. Inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics for illnesses such as the common cold and flu has led to the development of antibiotic resistance. In addition, patients who do not finish a full course of antibiotics can also contribute to the evolution of resistant bacteria. This has resulted in health risks that are not just confined to treating dental infections, but also pose a significant threat to global health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This review is based on a thorough analysis of freely accessible literature from reputable sources such as Google, Google Scholar, and PubMed. The terms used in this review include dental, oral, maxillofacial infection, resistance pattern, epidemiology, common microorganisms, nutrition components, biofilm formation, morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare costs. Overall, this review highlights the significant impact of dental infections and resistance on global health, including increased morbidity and mortality rates and rising healthcare costs. By understanding the epidemiology and resistance patterns of common microorganisms, as well as the role of nutrition and biofilm formation in infection prevention, we can work towards developing effective strategies for managing and preventing dental infections. In CONCLUSION, the epidemiology of dental infections is an important area of study that helps us understand the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors associated with these infections. By understanding these factors, we can develop effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve oral health and overall well-being.