Branched iterated function system (IFS) models with positioners for biological visualizations

Abstract

AbstractWhile researching new algorithms for computer graphics, we focused on the ones that are useful in modeling biological formations. Iterated function systems (IFS) are commonly used to visualize fractals or 3D self-similar objects. Their main advantage is the brevity. In the simplest cases, it is enough to define the shape of the base module and the set of transformations to create a multimodular object. In the literature, models of shells, horns, and beaks are described. To model more complex formations, the modified method was introduced in which parameters of the transformation depend on the number of iteration.The presented method combines IFS with a new approach to modeling compound objects, which uses positioners. The positioner itself and its possible applications were described in papers that do not refer to IFS models.We show here how to use positioners with IFS models, including branched ones (as models of the bronchial tree). The achieved models can be simplified or more accurate depending on the variant of the algorithm. Thanks to the positioners, these models have a continuous lateral surface regardless of used shape of cross-section. The algorithm is described along with the requirements for a base module.It is indicated that positioners simplify the work of a graphic designer. Obtained models of bronchial trees can be used (e.g. in 3D interactive visualizations for medicine students).