Evaluation of the optimum safety performance of the nuclear reactor compact grounding system under lightning strikes and ground fault
Author:
Adail Ahmed S.1, Saad Mohamed H.2, Said Abdelrahman3
Affiliation:
1. Fuel Technology Department, Hot Laboratory Center , Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority , Cairo , Egypt 2. Radiation Engineering Department , National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority , Cairo , Egypt 3. Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra , Benha University , Cairo 11672 , Egypt
Abstract
Abstract
The electrical system of a nuclear reactor facility (NRF) must incorporate a grounding grid in order to ensure it functions safely and reliably. Any disturbance in the electrical system affects the nuclear process, so it is, therefore, crucial to estimate the safety performance of the research nuclear reactor facility grounding system. The paper discusses CYMGrd 6.3, which is based on IEEE Standard 80-2013, and the optimization approaches for finding the best grounding grid design for a nuclear reactor facility connected substation of 500/11 kV in the case of a ground fault and lightning strikes. The result shows that the surface, step and touch potentials along the diagonal coordinates of the proposed grounding grid are below the safety limits in case of a ground fault but also results indicate that 100 kA lightning stroke poses a considerable threat to reactor equipment and personnel safety because the measured grid surface potential exceeds the safe ground potential rise of 3.2 kV standard at the striking point in conjunction with the proposed ground grid, so it must be modified. In this paper, three different optimization algorithms are investigated in order to determine the optimal design of the grounding grid with respect to mesh size: gradient method (GM), the genetic algorithm (GA), and simulated annealing (SA). These methods are used to achieve the purpose of obtaining an effective ground grid design. Comparing these techniques of GM and SA is good for quickly locating local minima, but they may fail to identify global solutions. In contrast, a genetic algorithm is often excellent at achieving a global minimum. Also, the utilization of GA, SA, and GM achieve the reduction of the surface potential of a proposed grounding grid by 16 %, 10 %, and 6 % respectively.
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality,General Materials Science,Nuclear Energy and Engineering,Nuclear and High Energy Physics,Radiation
Reference36 articles.
1. Abdel-Salam, M., Anis, H., El-Morshedy, A., and Radwan, R. (2000). High-voltage engineering. Marcel Dekker & Co (Publishers) Ltd, New York. 2. Aboura, F. and Touhami, O. (2020). Grounding system cost reduction using multi-objective optimisation method. IET Sci., Meas. Technol. 14: 893–900, https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-smt.2019.0575. 3. Bhosale, M.J., Karandikar, P.B., and Kulkarni, N.R. (2023). An optimal design for grounding grid configuration with unequal conductor spacing. Adv. Eng. Software 176: 103367, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2022.103367. 4. Corlu, C.G., de la Torre, R., Serrano-Hernandez, A., Juan, A.A., and Faulin, J. (2020). Optimizing energy consumption in transportation: literature review, insights, and research opportunities. Energies 13: 1115, https://doi.org/10.3390/en13051115. 5. Datta, A.J., Taylor, R., and Ledwich, G. (2015). Earth grid safety criteria determination with the standards IEEE-80 and IEC-60479 and optimization of installation depth. In: 2015 Australasian universities power engineering conference (AUPEC). IEEE, pp. 1–5.
|
|