Analysis of physiological markers and risk factors for the development of rhabdomyolysis in military personnel: a systematic review
Author:
Dantas Guilherme Henrique Mattos12ORCID, de Alkmim Moreira Nunes Rodolfo12ORCID, Casimiro-Lopes Gustavo32ORCID, Neves Eduardo Borba4ORCID, de Castro Juliana Brandão Pinto12ORCID, de Souza Vale Rodrigo Gomes125ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Laboratory of Exercise and Sport (LABEES) , Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Rio de Janeiro State University , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil 2. Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences (PPGCEE) , Rio de Janeiro State University , Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil 3. Laboratory of Exercise Pathophysiology (LAFE) , Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Rio de Janeiro State University , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil 4. Postgraduate Program on Biomedical Engineering (PPGEB) , Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR) , Curitiba , PR , Brazil 5. Laboratory of Exercise Physiology , Estácio de Sá University , Cabo Frio , RJ , Brazil
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To analyze case reports with individual patient data belonging to the Armed Forces submitted to specific physical or military combat training that was affected by rhabdomyolysis and identify factors that influenced the diagnosis and clinical evolution of the syndrome.
Content
We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021242465). We searched MedLine (via PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane, Lilacs, SciELO, CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, ScienceDirect, and PEDro databases for studies that reported cases of military personnel affected by rhabdomyolysis.
Summary and outlook
Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Forty-nine individual cases of rhabdomyolysis were analyzed. From them, it was possible to identify several associated factors, which were responsible for developing rhabdomyolysis in military personnel. Thirty military personnel (60%) practiced physical training and 20 (40%) practiced specific military combat training. The creatine kinase (CK) peak ranged from 1,040 to 410,755 U/L, with an average of 44.991 U/L, and 14 (28%) of the cases reported alteration of renal function and four militaries (8%) evolved to death condition. Physical activities performed strenuously and without proper planning conditions such as room temperature, the period without adequate water intake, the amount of equipment used during the activity contributed to the development of rhabdomyolysis in the cases of military personnel analyzed in the present study. Therefore, it is recommended that future studies investigate the relationship between the prevalence of rhabdomyolysis cases and the severity of its consequence when associated with progressive methods of training, hydration control, acclimatization to austere environments, monitoring for the existence of hereditary diseases, and control of the use of supplementary nutritional substances.
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Pollution,Health (social science)
Reference40 articles.
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