Ochratoxin A in coffee and coffee-based products: a global systematic review, meta-analysis, and probabilistic risk assessment
Author:
Fakhri Yadolah1, Mahdavi Vahideh2, Ranaei Vahid3, Pilevar Zahra3, Sarafraz Mansour4, Mahmudiono Trias5, Khaneghah Amin Mousavi6
Affiliation:
1. Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences , Bandar Abbas , Iran 2. Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) , Tehran , Iran 3. School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences , Arak , Iran 4. School of Public Health , Shahroud University of Medical Sciences , Shahroud , Iran 5. Department of Nutrition , Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga , Surabaya , Indonesia 6. Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology , Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology – State Research Institute , Warsaw , Poland
Abstract
Abstract
Contamination of food with mycotoxins can pose harmful effects on the health of consumers in the long term. Coffee contamination with mycotoxins has become a global concern. This study attempted to meta-analyze the concentration and prevalence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in coffee products and estimate consumers’ health risks. The search was conducted among international databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, for 1 January 2010 to 1 May 2022. The concentration and prevalence of OTA in coffee products were meta-analyzed according to country subgroups. Health risk assessment was conducted based on Margin of Exposures (MOEs) using the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) technique. The three countries that had the highest Pooled concentration of OTA in coffee were observed in Chile (100.00%), Kuwait (100.00%), and France (100.00%). The overall prevalence of OTA in coffee products was 58.01%, 95% CI (48.37–67.39). The three countries that had the highest concentration of OTA were Philippines (39.55 μg/kg) > Turkey (39.32 μg/kg) > and Panama (21.33 μg/kg). The mean of MOEs in the adult consumers in Panama (9,526) and the Philippines (8,873) was lower than 10,000, while the mean of MOEs in other countries was higher than 10,000. Therefore, monitoring and control plans should be carried out in different countries.
Funder
Hormozgan University of Medical Science
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Pollution,Health (social science)
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