Associations between fine particulate matter and colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author:
Fu Pengfei12, Li Ruijin3, Sze Stephen Cho Wing12, Yung Ken Kin Lam12
Affiliation:
1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong , China 2. Golden Meditech Center for NeuroRegeneration Sciences , Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong , China 3. Institute of Environmental Science , Shanxi University , Taiyuan , China
Abstract
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second deadliest cancer worldwide. The impact of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on many diseases is a global concern, yet its association with CRC is unclear. This study aimed to assess the effect of PM2.5 exposure on CRC. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for population-based articles published before September 2022, providing risk estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Among 85,743 articles, we identified 10 eligible studies across multiple countries and regions in North America and Asia. We calculated the overall risk, incidence and mortality and performed subgroup analyses according to countries and regions. The results revealed an association between PM2.5 and increased risk of CRC (total risk, 1.19 [95% CI 1.12–1.28]; incidence, OR=1.18 [95% CI 1.09–1.28]; mortality, OR=1.21 [95% CI 1.09–1.35]). The elevated risks of CRC associated with PM2.5 were different across countries and regions, at 1.34 [95% CI 1.20–1.49], 1.00 [95% CI 1.00–1.00], 1.08 [95% CI 1.06–1.10], 1.18 [95% CI 1.07–1.29], 1.01 [95% CI 0.79–1.30], in the United States, China, Taiwan, Thailand, and Hong Kong, respectively. Incidence and mortality risks were higher in North America than those in Asia. In particular, the incidence and mortality were highest in the United States (1.61 [95% CI 1.38–1.89] and 1.29 [95% CI 1.17–1.42], respectively) than those in other countries. This study is the first comprehensive meta-analysis to find a strong association between PM2.5 exposure and increased CRC risk.
Funder
Hong Kong Research Grants Council, Research Matching Scheme Health and Medical Research Fund
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Pollution,Health (social science)
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