Numerical investigation of the flow characteristics involving dissipation and slip effects in a convectively nanofluid within a porous medium

Abstract

Abstract The aim of the present research is to discuss the numerical aspects of heat-mass transfer in power-law nanofluids on an stretched surface. In addition, the novelty in this research lies in its thorough exploration and incorporation of parameters such as viscous dissipation, slip velocity, and convective boundary conditions into the analysis. This distinguishes the study from previous work and underscores its originality. For non-Newtonian fluids, a power-law model is employed, while the nanofluid system associate the influences of thermophoresis and the Brownian motion. The fluid’s thermal conductivity is considered to change based on temperature, while the concentration of nanoparticles at the surface is maintained at a constant level. A heated fluid situated beneath the lower surface can act as a heat convection mechanism source. A process of similarity transformation is employed to simplify the equations related to the mass, momentum, thermal energy, and nanoparticle concentration into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. These equations are then treated numerically with the help of the shifted Chebyshev polynomials of the sixth order and the spectral collocation method. The proposed technique reduces the existing problem into a system of algebraic equations formulated as a constrained optimization challenge. Subsequently, the optimization technique is applied to determine the unknown coefficients of the series solution. Graphical representations depict the impacts of nanofluid parameters. A quantitative assessment is presented in a tabular format to illustrate a comparison with previously published results for specific scenarios, revealing a notable level of agreement.