Intervention with an educational video after a whiplash trauma – a randomised controlled clinical trial

Abstract

Abstract Background and aims Previous systematic reviews have considered that providing patient information is ineffective for patients with whiplash-associated disorders (WAD), with the exception of interventional educational videos. The aim of this randomised controlled clinical trial was to determine if use of an educational video as an intervention in the acute stage after a whiplash injury might improve self-reported recovery at 6 months after the injury. Methods In total, 289 consecutive patients with a whiplash injury following a motor vehicle collision were randomised to an intervention group (educational video) or to a control group (written information sheet). The video focused on information about pain mechanisms, deep flexor physiotherapy and reassurance. Emailed questionnaires were used to collect baseline data within 2 weeks after the accident and then to collect outcome data at 6 months post-injury. Non-responders were followed up with a brief telephone interview regarding the outcome. The primary outcome measure was self-reported recovery (yes/no) at 6 months post-injury. The secondary outcomes measures were pain level according to a numeric rating scale (NRS) and the whiplash disability questionnaire (WDQ) score at the same time point. Results The response rate for the baseline questionnaire was 70% (203/289). The follow-up rate was 97% (196/203). The non-recovery rates were similar between the intervention group, at 37.9% (39/103), and the control group, at 33.3% (31/93) (p = 0.55). No differences between the groups were noted in pain levels, NRS scores (1.9 vs. 2.2, p = 0.35) or the mean WDQ scores (17.5 vs. 21.2, p = 0.42). Conclusions The intervention with the educational video used in this study had no effect on the non-recovery rate when compared to a basic written information sheet. Implications The results of this trial add knowledge to the area of patient education for patients with acute WAD. Further studies are needed before the current recommendations for patient information are modified.