Chemical changes in thermally modified, acetylated and melamine formaldehyde resin impregnated beech wood
Author:
Oberle Anna1ORCID, Výbohová Eva2, Baar Jan1, Paschová Zuzana1, Beránek Štěpán1, Drobyshev Igor3, Čabalová Iveta2, Čermák Petr1
Affiliation:
1. Department of Wood Science and Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology , Mendel University in Brno , Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno , Czech Republic 2. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology , Technical University in Zvolen , T.G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen , Slovakia 3. Department of Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences , Sundsvägen 3, SE-234 56 Alnarp , Sweden
Abstract
Abstract
Wood modification (by thermal or chemical treatment) helps to improve the dimensional stability of wood and enhance its resistance to biological agents. Beech wood is non-durable and exposure in exterior settings dramatically shortens its service life. To determine the full potential of beech wood for advanced applications, a better understanding of the chemical changes induced by modification is needed. Two chemical treatments (acetylation and melamine formaldehyde resin impregnation) and three thermal treatments (heating to 180, 200 and 220 °C) were performed on beech wood. The modification effect was examined based on (i) molecular changes in functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR); (ii) extractive content; and (iii) pH changes. Moreover, the explanation of these changes was supported by the FTIR-analysis of isolated main wood components (cellulose, holocellulose and lignin) from the modified wood. The high temperatures applied to samples during thermal modification promoted the deacetylation and degradation of hemicelluloses. Hemicelluloses were targeted also by acetic anhydride and melamine resin, the bonding of which was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The formation of fewer methylene bridges affected the properties of the melamine network. This observation suggests the need to determine optimal curing conditions in future research, to reduce melamine-wood hydrophilicity.
Funder
H2020 Spreading Excellence and Widening Participation Interreg Grantová Agentura České Republiky
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
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