Affiliation:
1. Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Abt. Kosmophysik, Heidelberg
Abstract
A fast dissipation of a certain amount of energy at a solid surface by a mechanism whatsoever may cause a non-equilibrium phase transition of the surface material forming nearly instantaneously a relatively large amount of gaseous molecular and atomic ions. This is known to be a phenomenon common to many techniques utilized to create ions especially from organic solids. The thermodymanics of these processes are deduced from first principles; physical properties (kinetic energy and angular distributions, excitation energy) and chemical properties (ion types, mass spectra and intensities) are derived. Like “temperature” as an intensive quantity plays a major role in equilibrium thermodynamics, “action” as an extensive quantity takes the counterpart in this very far-from-equilibrium behaviour.
Subject
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,General Physics and Astronomy,Mathematical Physics
Cited by
24 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献